Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate

• Elyad Damerchi,
• Sven Oras,
• Edgars Butanovs,
• Allar Liivlaid,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Annamarija Trausa,
• Veronika Zadin,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Loïc Vidal,
• Karine Mougin,
• Siim Pikker and
• Sergei Vlassov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39

• Abstract Metallic nanowires (NWs) are sensitive to heat treatment and can split into shorter fragments within minutes at temperatures far below the melting point. This process can hinder the functioning of NW-based devices that are subject to relatively mild temperatures. Commonly, heat-induced

• fragmentation of NWs is attributed to the interplay between heat-enhanced diffusion and Rayleigh instability. In this work, we demonstrated that contact with the substrate plays an important role in the fragmentation process and can strongly affect the outcome of the heat treatment. We deposited silver NWs onto

• specially patterned silicon wafers so that some NWs were partially suspended over the holes in the substrate. Then, we performed a series of heat-treatment experiments and found that adhered and suspended parts of NWs behave differently under the heat treatment. Moreover, depending on the heat-treatment

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• ]. Subsequently, the prepared mixture was placed in an autoclave and subjected to thermal treatment at 200 °C for 6 h. After the heat treatment process, Fe3O4 NPs were separated from the liquid using a magnet, and the produced Fe3O4 NPs were dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 24 h. Coating of Fe3O4 nanoparticles

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• color change of the solution from blue to bluish-green and finally to black. The sample was dried, and the obtained black powder was CuO NPs. Spray coating was carried out to decorate CuO NPs onto ZnO NRs followed by heat treatment at 90 °C for 1 h to remove the remaining solvent and increase the

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• boundary may improve the photocatalytic performance of MoO3. The crystal structures of h-MoO3 and α-MoO3 The crystal structure of the hexagonal phase h-MoO3 Thermogravimetric results [23][24][25] indicate that the h-MoO3 phase releases water molecules during heat treatment, suggesting that water molecules

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• sample (alumina) (Figure 1a) shows single-phase θ-Al2O3, which is an alumina phase obtained through heat treatment above 900 °C [16]. In the diffractogram of sample 1 (Figure 1b), two phases are observed, θ-Al2O3 [96-120-0006] and eskolaite α-Cr2O3 [96-901-6564]. The crystal structure of the eskolaite

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• obtained with pyrene precursors, the C4Si2 rings were converted to C4Si pentagonal siloles by further heat treatment. These results demonstrate that coupling nanoarchitectonics on C–Si surfaces is possible by depositing Si atoms and, subsequently, polycyclic hydrocarbons on Au(111). It is expected that

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• SiOx NWs have been produced on a SiO2 (300 nm)/Si substrate after a rapid heat treatment. The core particle consists of segregated Ni silicide and Au. A high temperature of 1050 °C can activate the decomposition of SiO2. Together with the subsequent active oxidation of Si, it provides the volatile SiO

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• by many factors, such as the type of substrate [15], the deposition technique [16][17][18], the deposition conditions [19][20][21][22], and the annealing treatment [23]. Among these factors, heat treatment is a significant factor in rearranging the nanostructure, removing defects, and improving the

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• was fixed at 80 wt %. The obtained mixture was placed in a boat-type alumina crucible and subjected to heat treatment in a tube furnace at 900 °C for 3 h with a heating ramp rate of 5 °C/min under nitrogen atmosphere. Finally, the obtained MBN was naturally cooled to room temperature, washed multiple

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• , heterostructure formation, interface modification, and Bi-content enhancement, have been employed. Defect formation Vacancies and defects affect the electrical properties of Bi-based semiconductor photocatalysts and, hence, govern the photocatalytic efficacy. Rao et al. reported an N2-assisted heat treatment

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• bulks The KP15 bulks were prepared by the gas-phase transfer method. High-purity red phosphorus (1.370 g, 99.9999%) and metallic potassium (0.130 g, 97%) were mixed in a quartz tube. The temperature gradient in the quartz tube was 650 °C/400 °C and the heat treatment time was 12 h. After annealed, dark

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• ., hydrazine) as reductants or rapid heat treatment at high temperatures are required for the synthesis of electrochemically reduced GO (ERGO), controlled synthesis of ERGO films could be possible via optimization of electrochemical parameters. These parameters are the range of the applied voltage, numbers of

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• performance of brookite mainly depends on the details of the preparation method and heat treatment used. For example, brookite TiO2 prepared from a Ti–EDTA complex exhibits a considerably higher activity for the degradation of NO than that synthesized from the titanate–glycolate complex [19]. The

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• freshly prepared MoS2/FTO electrodes (without heat treatment) were used to examine the electrocatalytic activity towards the I3−/I− redox couple as well as directly used as CEs for DSSCs. Electroactivity of MoS2 CEs The electrocatalytic activity of MoS2 CEs towards the I3−/I− redox couple was investigated

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• , introducing point defects in the ZnO lattice enables an efficient charge transfer, which enhances the SERS signal. [80] demonstrated that heat treatment in an oxygen atmosphere is an effective method for the introduction of interstitial oxygen point defects in the ZnO lattice, which leads to SERS enhancement

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• photocatalysts and a cost-effective, environmentally benign way through heat treatment in different atmospheres [39]. Combining noble metals with SnO2, such as in Au/SnO2 [78] or Pd/SnO2 [79], is an advanced approach yielding an effective performance for gas sensing. However, There is only one report by Bui et

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Structural and optical characteristics determined by the sputtering deposition conditions of oxide thin films

• Petronela Prepelita,
• Florin Garoi and
• Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 354–365, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.29

• transmission in the visible range decreases and the porosity at the film surface increases, which is justified by the lack of applied heat treatment. The dispersion of the refractive index for the investigated samples shows a normal dispersion in the considered spectral range (Figure 11). The plots indicate

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• measurements In order to investigate if nickel oxidation had occurred in the Ni@rGO composite during the heat treatment in the study of sensory properties (250 °C), the following model experiment was performed. The original Ni@rGO composite was annealed at a temperature of 250 °C for 2 h. In the following, its

• Ni@rGO composite without heat treatment. The temperature dependence of the magnetization was determined during several heating–cooling cycles. It was noted that with an increase in the number of cycles, the Сurie temperature of the sample increased from 345 to 357 °C. Most likely, the increase in the

• rather than superparamagnetic behavior is manifested. Hence, the results of measurements of the magnetic susceptibility and magnetization indicate the presence of only a metallic nickel phase in the Ni@rGO composite after heat treatment in air. Сonclusion Ni@rGO nanocomposites were found to be promising

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• good cyclability [32]. Rakhi et al. reported that the performance of Ti2CTx MXene electrodes in a supercapacitor device can be enhanced performance by heat treatment of the MXene electrodes. The highest specific capacitance value reported here was 51 F·g−1. The sample was annealed in N2/H2 atmosphere

Highly sensitive detection of estradiol by a SERS sensor based on TiO₂ covered with gold nanoparticles

• Andrea Brognara,
• Ili F. Mohamad Ali Nasri,
• Beatrice R. Bricchi,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,
• Matteo Ghidelli and
• Nathalie Lidgi-Guigui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1026–1035, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.87

• different size distributions and densities. Figure 2 shows the two boundary cases of 3 and 15 nm of evaporated Au on a TiO2 film deposited at 12 Pa. The observations were similar for the 8 Pa films. The effects of heat treatment are clearly visible. In the case of 15 nm of Au (Figure 2c,d), a continuous

Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact

• Aliyu Kabiru Isiyaku,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 695–702, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.57

• of an ITO sandwich electrode with Ag alloy against heat treatment at 450 °C was carried out by Roh et al. [30]. An appreciable durability and stability of the Ag films was observed. In the present work, the structural, optical and electrical properties of an Al–Ag bilayer between ITO layers (ITO/Al

• heat treatment lowers the trade-off between transparency and conductivity by reducing structural defects in the films. The sheet resistance of the multilayer structure of the IAAI film can be expressed as [29]: where is the total sheet resistance of the IAAI film, RAl and RAg are the sheet resistance

• overcome by adding a thin layer of Al, Au, Pd, or Cr to the Ag film to improve the adhesion [4][25][26]. Optical and electrical properties of ITO films are enhanced by post-deposition annealing especially at high temperatures [7]. Gulen et al. [27] exposed pure ITO films deposited by sputtering to heat

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded composite nanofiber membranes

• Wei Fang,
• Liang Yu and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 631–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.50

• environmental monitoring, industry, aviation, and transportation. In this paper, heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded CNF membranes (CNFMs) were prepared successfully by a combination of electrospinning, heat treatment, and hydrothermal synthesis. The influence of the synthesis parameters on morphology, structure

• work [37], bubble-electrospinning was used to prepare Cu(Ac)2/Zn(Ac)2/PVDF/PAN on a large scale. Subsequently, PVDF/PAN CNFMs loaded with CuO and ZnO nanocrystals were prepared using heat treatment and hydrothermal synthesis. However, the diameter distribution of CNFMs obtained by bubble

• the CNFMs were not investigated, which is very important to obtain high-quality CNFMs. Therefore, in the present study, heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded CNFMs were prepared using a combination of electrospinning, heat treatment, and hydrothermal synthesis. The effects of electrospinning, heat treatment

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• can markedly affect the nanoscale porosity [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Hence, a combined in-depth elucidation of meso/microporosity and the graphene-based structure upon heat treatment is pursued in this study to obtain a profound understanding of the relationship between the changes in the

• disorder in the material. That is, with increasing disorder of a material a higher micropore volume is expected. Because with higher carbonization temperature the graphene sheets as well as their stacking become more ordered, the meso/microporosity is expected to depend on the heat treatment temperature

• porosity on the precursor materials is expected as some materials are better graphitizable than others. For instance, resin-based carbon materials are not graphitizable, while pitch-based carbon materials develop a comparably high structural order upon heat treatment and can be converted into graphite. The

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• aerogel precursor, which was produced from microcrystalline cellulose (MC). Second, the produced CA was used as the backbone for the growth of NiMoO4 nanorods employing a hydrothermal method followed by heat treatment. By this approach, NiMoO4/CA composites were obtained, in which the NiMoO4 nanorods